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151

12/31/2018

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Kanazawa – A Castle Town, a.k.a. Kaga Hyakuman Goku  加賀百万石の城下町――金沢
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against - among - an - around - at - by - during - for - from - in - into - of - on - since - the - to - through - under - with ​
Many Japanese people associate Kanazawa, Ishikawa Prefecture (1______) the phrase, "Kaga hyakuman goku."  Used up until the Edo period, Kaga is the old name (2______) Kanazawa and the surrounding area.  One koku is the amount of rice consumed (3______) the average adult in a year, and hyakuman goku is a million times that amount.  (4______) phrase shows just hour rich and agriculture area Kanazawa was.
金沢(石川県)というと、多くの日本人が「加賀百万石」という言葉を連想します。「加賀」とは、金沢とその周辺地域の旧国名(江戸時代以前の地名)。「1 石」は「米を基準にして計算した場合、大人1人が1年間に食べる米の量」で、百万石はその100万倍。それくらい豊かな地域だったということです。

This expression, used (5______) the samurai ear, is still the city’s catch phrase.  It indicates that Kanazawa is a famous castle torn (a town that thrived (6______) a castle).  To get around the city, it’ s convenient to use sightseeing buses called "Jokamachi Kanazawa Shuju Bus" available (7 ______) JR Kanazawa Station.  There are three different buses named after three (8______)Kanazawa’s famous literary masters: Kyoka, Saise, and Shusei.
武士の時代の言葉が、今でもキャッチコピーになっていることからもわかるとおり、金沢は日本でも有名な城下町(城を中心に栄えた町)です。そんな金沢を巡るには、JR 金沢駅から乗れる周遊バス(城下まち金沢周遊バス)を利用するのが便利。3 種類のバスには、金沢出身の代表的な文豪3人の名前(鏡花・犀星・秋声)が付けられています。

In Higashi Chayagai (East Teahouse District), rows of houses (9______) the Edo period still remain to this day, making it a popular spot (10______) non-Japanese tourists as well.  The district was established when the Kaga Domain, which governed Kanazawa (11______) the Edo period, assembled and maintained ochaya teahouses (eating establishments where geisha entertained customers (12______) playing traditional musical instruments such as the koto and shamisen and (13______) performing dances) in the area.  In addition (14______) the teahouses that have been in business since the old days, unique restaurants, cafes, general stores and ryokan (Japanese-style inns) stand side (15______) side.
「ひがし茶屋街」は、江戸時代からの町並みが現代まで残っていて、外国人観光客にも人気のスポットです。江戸時代に金沢を治めていた「加賀藩」が、このあたりのお茶屋(芸妓の琴や三味線や踊りなどを楽しむ飲食店)を集めて整備したのがはじまり。当時から続くお茶屋をはじめ、個性的なレストランや喫茶店・雑貨屋・旅館などが軒を連ねています。

In Higashi Chayagai, there are some general stores which deal (16______) gold leaf.  Gold leaf is gold that has been beaten repeatedly (17______) a sheet thinner than a piece of paper. It’s one of the traditional crafts in Kanazawa made (18______) the same method that has been passed down (19______) the ages.  If gold leaf were made using only gold, it would be too soft, so it’s mixed (20______)small amounts of silver or copper.  Initially encouraged by the Kaga Domain, nearly all gold leaf production (21______) Japan is now based in Kanazawa.
ひがし茶屋街には、金箔を扱った雑貨屋もあります。金箔とは、金を何度もたたいて紙よりも薄くのばしたもの。金沢の伝統工芸品(昔から伝わる方法で作られた芸術品)のひとつです。金100% だと柔らかすぎるので、わずかに銀や銅を混ぜています。金沢では加賀藩が推奨したのがはじまりで、現在では、日本の金箔のほとんどが金沢で生産されています。

Because there’s an East Teahouse District, it follows that there’s also (22______) West Teahouse District.  Nishi Chayagai is adjacent to an area (23______) many temples.  The most famous (24______) those temples is Myoryuji Temple.  With a number of architectural tricks (25______) place to deceive intruders – such as trap doors, hidden staircases and rooms – it’s been nicknamed the “Ninja Temple.”  What’s more, the temple looks like a two-story building (26______) the outside, but once inside, you discover it has four floors. 
ひがし茶屋街があるからには「にし茶屋街」もあります。にし茶屋街は、お寺の多い地域に隣接。最も有名なのは「妙立寺」です。落とし穴・隠し階段・隠し部屋など、敵をだますしかけがあることから、通称「忍者寺」と呼ばれています。おまけに、外からは2 階建てに見えるのに、中に入ると4 階建てになっています。

To the south west (27______) Higashi Chaya-gai is Kenroku-en, the most famous tourist spot in Kanazawa.  Not only is it well-known (28______) Kanazawa, but it’s one of the most famous gardens (29______) Japan . Originally a “daimyo teien” a garden built by feudal lords in the Edo period (30______) their personal pleasure – now that the daimyo are a thing (31______) the past, Kenroku-en is open to the public.  A common sight in Kenrokuen (32______) winter is yukitsuri: branches tied together with rope in order to prevent them from breaking (33______) the weight of fallen snow.
ひがし茶屋街から南西へ向かうと、金沢で最も有名な観光名所「兼六園」があります。金沢のみならず、日本を代表する庭園のひとつです。もともとは大名庭園――歴代の藩主(江戸時代の領主)たちが個人的に楽しむために造った庭――でしたが、藩主がいなくなった現在では一般公開されています。兼六園の冬の風物詩といえば「雪吊」です。木の枝に雪が積もって折れるのを防ぐために、枝をまとめて縄で縛るのです。

Right next (34______) Kenroku-en is Kanazawa Castle Park.  These are the ruins of the castle previously owned (35______) the Maeda family, who used to be the rulers (36______) the Kaga Domain.  Its gates and turret (a part of the castle built to watch for enemies and defend (37______) attack) have been restored to look as they did in the Edo period.  Based (38______) old plans, pictures and documents, as well as (39______)research findings, they were reproduced, down to the last detail according (40______) the original construction techniques.
兼六園のすぐ隣には「金沢城公園」があります。加賀藩の藩主だった前田家の城跡(城があった場所)で、江戸時代の門や櫓(敵への見張りや防御のために建築された城の一部)などが復元されています。復元にあたっては、現在まで残っている絵図・写真・文献や調査結果などを踏まえた上で、当時の建築方法を細部にわたって再現しています。

Preserved (41______) the Edo-period, Ishikawa-mon is a gate leading from Kenroku-en to Kanazawa Castle Park.  Since the gate is the oldest structure (42______) the park and looks so magnificent, many people mistakenly believe that it’s the otemon (the front gate), but it’s actually the karamete-mon (the rear gate).  The karamete-mon is the gate used (43______) the lord to escape from the castle in case it becomes impossible to defend (44______) an enemy attack, and it’s designed in such a way that it can be guarded (45______) a small group of people.
兼六園から金沢城公園へと通じる「石川門」は、江戸時代から残っている門です。公園内で最も歴史が古く、見た目も立派なので、多くの人が勘違いしていますが、実は大手門(表門)ではなく搦手門(裏門)です。搦手門は、敵が城に攻めてきて守り切れなかった場合、藩主が城の外へ逃げるときに使う門で、少人数で警備できる設計になっています。

Preserved (41______) the Edo-period, Ishikawa-mon is a gate leading from Kenroku-en to Kanazawa Castle Park.  Since the gate is the oldest structure (42______) the park and looks so magnificent, many people mistakenly believe that it’s the otemon (the front gate), but it’s actually the karamete-mon (the rear gate).  The karamete-mon is the gate used (43______) the lord to escape from the castle in case it becomes impossible to defend (44______) an enemy attack, and it’s designed in such a way that it can be guarded (45______) a small group of people.
兼六園から金沢城公園へと通じる「石川門」は、江戸時代から残っている門です。公園内で最も歴史が古く、見た目も立派なので、多くの人が勘違いしていますが、実は大手門(表門)ではなく搦手門(裏門)です。搦手門は、敵が城に攻めてきて守り切れなかった場合、藩主が城の外へ逃げるときに使う門で、少人数で警備できる設計になっています。

Near Minami-cho, a business district (53______) Kanazawa, is the Oyama Shrine.  This shrine has a rare feature not seen in any other shrine (54______) Japan: stained glass is used for the windows (55______) the top part of its shin-mon (main gate).  The lightening rod standing (56______) its rooftop is also unique to this shrine.  The shin-mon is lit (57______) at night.
南町という金沢のオフィス街の近くには、「尾山神社」があります。この神社には、他の日本の神社には見られない珍しい特徴があります。それは、この神社の正門である「神門」の最上部の窓に、ステンドグラスが使われていることです。その屋根のてっぺんに避雷針が立っていることも、神社としては個性的です。この神門は、夜にはライトアップされています。

Oyama Shrine is dedicated (58______) Toshiie Maeda – the first lord and founder of the Kaga Domain – and his wife Matsu.  In the grounds (59______) the shrine you can find a bronze statue of young Toshiie.  Riding (60______) his horse, a cloak hanging from his back swells in the wind.  This cloak is called a horo and is intended to protect its wearer (61______) arrows shot from behind.  As it stands out (62______) the battlefield, the cloak is only worn by samurai that are considered skilled (63______) their master and as such, wearing one is a mark (64______) honor.
尾山神社には、加賀藩を創設した最初の藩主である前田利家と、妻・まつが奉られています。神社の敷地には、若き日の利家の銅像があります。馬で駆ける利家は、風でふくらんだ布を背負っています。これは「母衣」といい、背後からの敵の弓を防ぎます。戦場では目立つ格好なので、主人に有能と認められた武士が着る、名い誉な装備でした。

Omi-cho Ichiba, north of Oyama Shrine, is the most famous market (65______) Kanazawa.  There you can find eating and drinking establishments, many of which serve sushi made (66______) fresh seafood.  A fish unique (67______) Kanazawa is nodoguro (literally translated as “black throat”).  It is an expensive fish, and the inside (68______) its mouth is black, as its name suggests.  Snow crabs are well-known as a winter delicacy (69______) Kanazawa.
尾山神社の北にある「近江町市場」は、金沢で最も有名な市場です。飲食店が集まっていて、新鮮な魚介類を寿司として提供している店も数多くあります。金沢ならではの魚と言えば「のどぐろ」。その名の通り、口の中が黒い高級魚です。冬の味覚としては、ズワイガニが有名です。

To get (70______) Kanazawa, it is convenient to use Komatsu Airport.  Buses go directly (71______) the airport to JR Kanazawa Station, and if you take an express bus, you will arrive (72______) the station in about 40 minutes.  Incidentally, Komatsu City, where this airport is located, is the birthplace (73______) Komatsu Ltd., a world-famous company which manufactures heavy machinery.
金沢へのアクセスは小松空港を利用するのがいいでしょう。小松空港からJR 金沢駅への直通バスが運行していて、特急バスなら約40分で到着します。ちなみに、この空港がある小松市は、重機の製造で世界的に有名な企業「KOMATSU」発祥の地です。
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